IUPK 90/1/IUP/PMA/2021 · Permit

IUPK 90/1/IUP/PMA/2021 · Permit · Eco Mining Data

Follow the water downstream

Where does the water that runs off this permit go, and what lies along the way?

Pulse

Is something happening on this site now? Several weak signals side by side, each with its own age and grade. An indication, never proof.

Active this week?

Not enough data to say

No live signal source is switched on for this site yet: radar, night light and fire are waiting for access keys. Records and yearly data cannot show what is happening this week.

Heartbeat: the last 12 weeks, from 27 Jul to 12 Oct. One beat per week. An open dot is a week without a reading, not a zero.

No index yet: it needs at least one live signal or one register record in the last 12 weeks.

Area context (monthly)

Air above the area (NO₂)Sentinel-5P column enhancement over the nearest industrial zone or the regency. Describes the place, not this permit.Place, not this permit
freshD0 ×10¹⁵ molec/cm² lately, -1% against the months beforenewest month September 2026

Long-term direction (yearly)

New mined landYearly growth of disturbed land inside the permit (MapBiomas life history).
yearlyC304.5 ha in the last 3 years, -64% against the 3 years beforecovers up to 2025; not this week
Tree-cover lossHansen yearly loss inside the permit (clearing, but also harvest and fire).
yearlyC4,130.2 ha in the last 3 years, +14% against the 3 years beforecovers up to 2025; not this week

Long-term direction: steady From yearly data only; it says nothing about this week.

Live signals (weekly)

waiting for access key4 sources wait for an access key: Radar change, Night light, Fire hotspots, Ships at the jetty. An administrator switches them on.

Radar changeSentinel-1: ground disturbance seen through cloud.
waiting for access keyNeeds a free access key from Copernicus (Sentinel-1). Get the key ↗
For the operator
Set CDSE_CLIENT_ID + CDSE_CLIENT_SECRET in the worker environment, set MI_PULSE_SCHEDULE=1 and restart the worker; the lane then fills by itself.
Night lightVIIRS: light over the site after dark.
waiting for access keyNeeds a free access key from NASA Earthdata (VIIRS). Get the key ↗
For the operator
Set EARTHDATA_TOKEN in the worker environment, set MI_PULSE_SCHEDULE=1 and restart the worker; the lane then fills by itself.
Fire hotspotsNASA FIRMS: satellite fire detections inside the permit.
waiting for access keyNeeds a free access key from NASA FIRMS. Get the key ↗
For the operator
Set FIRMS_MAP_KEY in the worker environment, set MI_PULSE_SCHEDULE=1 and restart the worker; the lane then fills by itself.
Ships at the jettyAIS: vessel-days at the site's jetty.
waiting for access keyNeeds a free access key from aisstream.io. Get the key ↗
Set AIS_API_KEY in the worker environment, set MI_PULSE_SCHEDULE=1 and restart the worker; the lane then fills by itself.

Records (weekly)

Eco Watch incidentsIncidents placed on this permit.
members only
Register changesStatus, validity or boundary changes in the permit register.
no datanothing recorded in the last 12 weeks
News mentionsArticles linked to this permit.
members only

An indication from public satellite and register data. It is not a production figure and not proof of legality. Yearly data gives a direction, never a verdict for this week. An open dot means no reading.

Ending within 12 months

0^[1]

Mine Time Machine

See how this permit changed from 1990 to 2025 on 3D terrain, with Ketut telling the story. Built from open data; you can save it as a video.

Loading the time machine…

SDG scorecard

Three axes, never merged into one number

No SDG goal has a score yet for this subject (10 goals checked). What is needed is listed under “What we don’t know yet”.

No goal rated orange or red with the data available.

A · Context status

How the area is doing on measured SDG indicators (SDSN normalisation, 0–100).

Reliability D0 of 12 indicators with data

River water quality (pollution index) · 6.3.2
Data gap · no data for this subject
—
Air quality (ISPU, proxy for PM2.5) · 11.6.2
Data gap · no data for this subject
—
Population below the national poverty line · 1.2.1
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: BPS Susenas (regency) / SDGs Desa · planned in S2
—
Stunting in children under five · 2.2.1
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: SKI / Riskesdas (Kemenkes) · planned in S2
—
Mortality from air pollution · 3.9.1
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: CAMS / Sentinel-5P exposure + GBD · planned in S2
—
Lower-secondary completion rate · 4.1.2
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: BPS Indikator TPB / PODES · planned in S2
—
Households with safe drinking water · 6.1.1
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: PODES (BPS) / SDGs Desa · planned in S2
—
Access to electricity · 7.1.1
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: PODES (BPS) / VIIRS night lights · planned in S2
—
Unemployment rate · 8.5.2
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: BPS Sakernas (regency) · planned in S2
—
Coastal sediment and tailings plumes · 14.1.1
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: Sentinel-2/3 plume detection · planned in S2
—
Forest cover and annual loss · 15.1.1
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: Hansen GFC / MapBiomas Indonesia · planned in S2
—
Degraded land (UNCCD method) · 15.3.1
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: Trends.Earth (land cover, productivity, soil carbon) · planned in S2
—

B · Target gap and trend

Distance to RPJMN 2025–2029 / RAD TPB targets and the trend per indicator.

Reliability D0 of 2 indicators with data

Distance to RPJMN 2025-2029 / RAD TPB targets
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: Indikator TPB metadata (Bappenas) + RAD TPB per province/regency · planned in S2
—
Trend per indicator (on track / moderate / stagnating / decreasing)
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: Yearly series of the axis A indicators · planned in S2
—

C · Mining

Exposure to mining, shown raw. Not attribution: the causal model (DiD, synthetic control) follows in S3.

Reliability C2 of 5 indicators with data · oldest input 31 Dec 2019

Permits overlapping protected areas · 15.5
1 inputs · 18 Oct 2026 · current^[2]
107.4 ha
Mercury / ASGM sites (unconfirmed signals) · 12.4
Visible to trusted partners
Mining footprint (satellite) · 15.3
62 inputs · 31 Dec 2019^[3]
19,566.1 ha
Reclamation gap (disturbed minus reclaimed) · 15.3
Visible with a free account
Estimated mining effect per target (DiD / synthetic control)
Data gap · source not connected yet · Needs: Control areas (matching) + yearly series · planned in S3
—

No imputation: an indicator without data stays visibly empty. Goalposts and thresholds are in the indicator register.

Facts

Permit type: IUPK^[1]
Holder: PT Kaltim Prima Coal^[1]
Stage: Production^[1]
Commodity: Batubara^[1]
Status: Active^[1]
Issued: 31 Dec 2021^[1]
Valid from: 31 Dec 2021^[1]
Valid until: 31 Dec 2031^[1]
Declared area: 61,543 ha^[1]
Mapped area: 61,544.9 ha^[1]
Region: Kabupaten Kutai Timur, Kalimantan Timur^[1]

Who owns this

From the permit to the company behind it, and from there to the group above it. Every link shows where it comes from and how sure we are.

Registered holder

PT Kaltim Prima CoalConfidence C

PT
Holder since 31 Dec 2021

The name in the official permit register. That is not always the company that owns the business.

Beneficial owner (the people behind it)

Not available

The beneficial owner register of the Indonesian company authority (AHU / OSS) is only open under a formal agreement. Until then we do not guess names.

AHU: how to apply for access

Watiga Trust Ltdowns2% stake · Confidence C

Treasure Global Investments Limitedowns8% stake · Confidence C

Mach Energy (Hongkong) Limitedowns46% stake · Confidence C

Sitrade Coalowns26% stake · Confidence C

Bhira Invesment Ltdowns30% stake · Confidence C

Bumi Resourcesowns25% stake · Confidence C

PT Kaltim Prima CoalPTConfidence C

90/1/IUP/PMA/2021Holder since 31 Dec 2021

Owners above
- Watiga Trust Ltdowns2% stake · Confidence C
- Treasure Global Investments Limitedowns8% stake · Confidence C
- Mach Energy (Hongkong) Limitedowns46% stake · Confidence C
Owners above
- Sitrade Coalowns26% stake · Confidence C
- Bhira Invesment Ltdowns30% stake · Confidence C
- Bumi Resourcesowns25% stake · Confidence C
Registered holder
- PT Kaltim Prima CoalPTConfidence C
Permits and subsidiaries
- 90/1/IUP/PMA/2021Holder since 31 Dec 2021

Links and where they come from

PT Kaltim Prima Coal is owned by Sitrade CoalConfidence C26% stakeSource: Wikidata Q12488826 — Kaltim Prima Coal (CC0 1.0), as of 23 Oct 2026
PT Kaltim Prima Coal is owned by Bhira Invesment LtdConfidence C30% stakeSource: Wikidata Q12488826 — Kaltim Prima Coal (CC0 1.0), as of 23 Oct 2026
PT Kaltim Prima Coal is owned by Bumi ResourcesConfidence C25% stakeSource: Wikidata Q12488826 — Kaltim Prima Coal (CC0 1.0), as of 23 Oct 2026
PT Kaltim Prima Coal is owned by Watiga Trust LtdConfidence C2% stakeSource: Wikidata Q1004799 — Bumi Resources (CC0 1.0), as of 23 Oct 2026
PT Kaltim Prima Coal is owned by Treasure Global Investments LimitedConfidence C8% stakeSource: Wikidata Q1004799 — Bumi Resources (CC0 1.0), as of 23 Oct 2026
PT Kaltim Prima Coal is owned by Mach Energy (Hongkong) Limited

Holder changes

No change of holder recorded since 31 Dec 2021.

CPT Kaltim Prima Coal

90/1/IUP/PMA/2021, PT Kaltim Prima Coal, 31 Dec 2021 – now, matched by name, Confidence C

The register history starts at 31 Dec 2021. Earlier holders are not in our data.

More owners need a key

These sources would add owners and the people behind them. They are switched off until a key or agreement is in place.

OpenCorporatesParent companies and shareholders from company registers around the world.Waiting for a key
Get a key · OpenCorporates
AHU / OSS beneficial ownershipThe people who ultimately own and control an Indonesian company.Waiting for a keyNeeds a formal agreement
Get a key · AHU / OSS beneficial ownership

Ribbon thickness shows the stake where we know it. Dashed means a weaker or unstated link. A name is shown only for companies: natural persons are never named here.

Where does the ore go

From this mine to the industrial park that most likely processes its ore, on to the port, the export and the buyer. What we know, what we infer and what we cannot see are kept apart.

No processing sites known for this metal yet

For batubara we do not yet know the processing sites, so no chain can be drawn. Nickel is covered first.

Export, buyers and ships need a key

These stages stay empty until a key is in place. We show the gap instead of guessing.

UN ComtradeYearly exports by product and destination country.Waiting for a key
Get a key · UN Comtrade
aisstream.ioShips calling at the jetties, from live ship positions.Waiting for a key
Get a key · aisstream.io

Mining footprint

Physical land disturbance mapped from imagery (2019). Pollution is measured separately and is not included.

Mining footprint (satellite, 2019): 19,566.1 ha^[3]
Inside this permit area: 19,566.1 ha
Share of the area: 31.8 %
Footprint polygons: 62

Per source (own polygons)

Cheng et al. 2026 (2017–2022, land-use classes): 14,942.6 ha · 52^[4]
Maus et al. 2022 (2019 imagery): 27,251.6 ha · 10^[5]

The total counts land once where sources overlap (Cheng et al. 2026, then Maus et al. 2022, then ESMI digitised).

Forest loss

Tree-cover loss 2001–2025, where tree cover in 2000 was at least 30 %. Annual satellite data (Hansen / University of Maryland).

Tree-cover loss 2001–2025: 37,022.8 ha^[6]
Of which 2021–2025: 6,463.6 ha^[6]
Tree cover in 2000: 53,989 ha
Share of the 2000 tree cover: 68.6 %

Per year (last ten)

2016: 5,723.3 ha
2017: 1,188.3 ha
2018: 1,749.3 ha
2019: 1,222.8 ha
2020: 1,281.5 ha
2021: 1,062.6 ha
2022: 1,270.8 ha
2023: 2,491.8 ha
2024: 733.5 ha
2025: 904.8 ha

Loss means tree cover was removed: clearing, but also plantation harvest or fire. It is not a finding of illegal deforestation, and the data is yearly, not monthly.

Recovery after mining

What the land inside the mining footprint looks like from space, year by year (1990–2025)

Inside an active permit

Actively mined

Mining ground was still seen in the last few years.

Footprint polygons: 55
Ever disturbed: 18,016 ha
Vegetation back: 6,261 ha
Abandoned ≥ 5 years, still bare or water: 932 ha

Figures are sums over all polygons; the status of a group is the status with the largest area.

Area by status

Actively mined10,381 ha 53 %
Abandoned, bare ground248 ha 1 %
Abandoned, water-filled pit1,000 ha 5 %
Natural regrowth2,009 ha 10 %
Managed restoration4,252 ha 22 %
Converted to other use126 ha 1 %
Not visible at 30 m1,605 ha 8 %

Key years

First mining: 1990
Peak mining: 2019
Last mining: 2025
Mining stopped: 2023 · 3 years ago

Status per polygon

Free account · Status per polygon, with confidence, the rule that decided it and its life history, needs a free account.

Show on the map National overview

Satellite land cover, not reported reclamation: ESDM reclamation reports are not used. Sources: MapBiomas Indonesia Collection 5 (30 m, CC BY-SA 4.0), JRC Tropical Moist Forest; footprint Maus et al. 2022 and Cheng et al. 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0); ESDM MODI permit layer. Method rec-1.0 · computed Oct 19, 2026

Promise versus reality

What was promised in public documents, next to what the satellite measures on the same land.

No sourced promises are registered for this permit or its holder yet. Nothing is assumed: a promise appears here only after it was quoted from a public document and checked by a second reviewer.

Reclamation plans, PPKH obligations, reforestation commitments, sustainability-report targets and zero-deforestation pledges are measured against the recovery status and the forest-loss record of the same land.

How this is measured

A promise is a quote of a public document: the source link and its SHA-256 are shown, and it appears here only after review by a second person.
Delivered is the gain in revegetated land since the year of the promise, from the yearly land-cover maps (MapBiomas, to –) on the footprint polygons of the permit or company. Land that is mined again counts against it.
A per-year plan is multiplied by the years in its period. If the deadline lies beyond the data, the amount due is the linear share up to the last data year, and the state is on pace or behind, never missed.
The grade compares delivered with due: A from 90%, B from 70%, C from 40%, D below. The range follows the promise year plus or minus one year, because the maps are yearly.
A zero-deforestation pledge looks at tree-cover loss (Hansen, to –) in the years after the pledge year: A none, B within the noise (1 ha or 0.1% of the tree cover), C up to 1%, D more.
Next to the grade you see the mined land today, new tree-cover loss and how much land was opened versus reclaimed. Before and after frames come from the time machine.

A grade compares a number in a document with a number from space. It does not judge intent or legality.

Permits

Visible with a free account · Permit list and numbersSign in

Timeline

Visible with a free account · Timeline: permit changes, confirmed alerts, newsSign in

Media timeline

What was reported, month by month. Headlines as published; events stay signals until a person confirms them.

No news is linked to this page yet.

Observations

Latest reading per station in the region

Visible with a free account · Measurements per stationSign in

What we don't know yet

19 gaps

River water quality (pollution index)
No data for this subject
Air quality (ISPU, proxy for PM2.5)
No data for this subject
Population below the national poverty line
Needs: BPS Susenas (regency) / SDGs Desa
Not connected yet
Stunting in children under five
Needs: SKI / Riskesdas (Kemenkes)
Not connected yet
Mortality from air pollution
Needs: CAMS / Sentinel-5P exposure + GBD
Not connected yet
Lower-secondary completion rate
Needs: BPS Indikator TPB / PODES
Not connected yet
Households with safe drinking water
Needs: PODES (BPS) / SDGs Desa
Not connected yet
Access to electricity
Needs: PODES (BPS) / VIIRS night lights
Not connected yet
Unemployment rate
Needs: BPS Sakernas (regency)
Not connected yet
Coastal sediment and tailings plumes
Needs: Sentinel-2/3 plume detection
Not connected yet
Forest cover and annual loss
Needs: Hansen GFC / MapBiomas Indonesia
Not connected yet
Degraded land (UNCCD method)
Needs: Trends.Earth (land cover, productivity, soil carbon)
Not connected yet

Sources

Kementerian ESDM geoportal (Minerba / Monaresia Wilayah Pertambangan), via legacy Eco Mining Data harvest · geoportal.esdm.go.id · retrieved 18 Oct 2026 · signal · unknown
Eco Mining Data computation: current permit geometries (ESDM) × area; overlap with WDPA protected areas · computed by Eco Mining Data · as of 18 Oct 2026 · signal · derived from the ESDM permit layer and WDPA (WDPA terms apply)Union of current permit geometries clipped to the subject; intersection with protected-area polygons; geodesic area
Eco Mining Data computation: mining footprint (Cheng et al. 2026 · Maus et al. 2022 · ESMI digitised) × subject; inside and outside current ESDM permit geometries · doi.org · computed by Eco Mining Data · as of 31 Dec 2019 · signal · derived from Cheng et al. 2026 and Maus et al. 2022 (CC BY-SA 4.0), ESMI digitised land and the ESDM permit layerFootprint polygons clipped to the subject (geodesic area), counted once where sources overlap (Cheng > Maus > ESMI); the part inside the union of current permit geometries vs outside known permit boundaries (ESDM). Outside is not a finding of illegality: it can be a data gap or an older permit.
Cheng et al. 2026 · Mining land-use classes inside global mining polygons (South-Eastern Asia) · doi.org · as of 31 Dec 2022 · signal · CC BY-SA 4.0
Maus et al. 2022 · Global-scale mining polygons (Version 2) · doi.org · as of 31 Dec 2019 · signal · CC BY-SA 4.0
Hansen Global Forest Change GFC-2025-v1.13 · glad.earthengine.app · as of 31 Dec 2025 · confirmed · CC BY 4.0Hansen, M. C. et al. 2013. High-Resolution Global Maps of 21st-Century Forest Cover Change. Science 342: 850-53. Data: Global Forest Change 2000-2025 (v1.13), University of Maryland.

Show the numbers

Year	Mining ground	Bare ground	Water	Built-up	Fish or shrimp ponds	Oil palm	Farmland	Tree crops	Shrubs	Forest
1990	448	27	0	0	0	4	85	28	16,373	2,709
1991	261	140	1	0	0	2	99	11	15,109	4,052
1992	223	223	1	0	0	2	108	5	13,988	5,124
1993	219	461	5	0	0	2	122	5	14,022	4,839
1994	572	216	8	0	0	2	145	3	14,096	4,633
1995	585	223	8	0	0	2	169	3	14,172	4,512
1996	600	313	12	0	0	2	227	3	14,307	4,211
1997	583	346	28	0	0	2	266	3	16,734	1,712
1998	344	607	61	0	0	2	273	6	17,940	443
1999	327	670	62	0	0	2	286	6	18,048	274
2000	1,344	158	55	0	0	2	261	177	17,443	235
2001	1,553	126	58	0	0	2	257	334	17,128	216
2002	1,987	123	32	0	0	2	250	731	16,348	201
2003	1,964	333	51	0	1	2	257	736	16,132	199
2004	2,644	155	76	0	1	2	278	886	15,435	197
2005	3,206	87	107	0	1	2	275	868	14,937	192
2006	4,036	188	136	0	2	2	340	1,336	13,469	167
2007	4,288	269	144	0	1	2	366	1,322	13,127	155
2008	5,118	265	158	0	1	2	414	892	12,689	136
2009	5,688	339	155	1	1	2	490	798	12,081	120
2010	5,905	663	154	2	1	2	480	1,928	10,436	104
2011	5,735	1,344	182	3	1	2	466	1,876	9,971	96
2012	7,608	582	195	6	0	2	466	2,401	8,332	84
2013	7,759	1,154	197	6	0	2	429	2,347	7,698	81
2014	9,310	447	237	12	0	2	331	2,397	6,861	77
2015	10,088	418	351	12	0	2	290	2,128	6,313	72
2016	11,678	407	427	12	0	2	239	1,538	5,308	63
2017	12,253	572	555	43	0	2	225	1,228	4,733	63
2018	13,074	577	693	51	0	2	238	1,036	3,975	30
2019	13,603	425	771	52	0	2	310	975	3,511	26
2020	13,044	474	785	58	0	3	438	1,043	3,802	28
2021	11,872	1,051	905	73	2	3	745	900	4,090	34
2022	11,481	753	1,056	81	2	3	836	1,141	4,287	35
2023	10,044	461	1,163	98	2	9	1,005	1,970	4,877	44
2024	8,616	504	1,215	102	2	15	1,238	2,638	5,306	38
2025	6,077	736	1,381	147	18	31	2,099	3,730	5,418	37

Mining ground
Bare ground
Water
Built-up
Fish or shrimp ponds
Oil palm
Farmland
Tree crops
Shrubs
Forest

Peak mining 13,603 ha in 2019. In 2025: mining ground 6,077 ha, shrubs 5,418 ha, tree crops 3,730 ha.

Show the numbers

Year	Mining ground	Bare ground	Water	Built-up	Fish or shrimp ponds	Oil palm	Farmland	Tree crops	Shrubs	Forest
1990	448	27	0	0	0	4	85	28	16,373	2,709
1991	261	140	1	0	0	2	99	11	15,109	4,052
1992	223	223	1	0	0	2	108	5	13,988	5,124
1993	219	461	5	0	0	2	122	5	14,022	4,839
1994	572	216	8	0	0	2	145	3	14,096	4,633
1995	585	223	8	0	0	2	169	3	14,172	4,512
1996	600	313	12	0	0	2	227	3	14,307	4,211
1997	583	346	28	0	0	2	266	3	16,734	1,712
1998	344	607	61	0	0	2	273	6	17,940	443
1999	327